樂齡桌遊：提升日照中心長輩健腦益智與同樂互動
樂齡桌遊：提升日照中心長輩健腦益智與同樂互動
你玩過桌遊嗎？近幾年桌遊風靡台灣，所謂「桌遊」是指桌上遊戲，常使用卡片、圖板、骰子、棋子、籌碼等道具配件，不依賴電子設備和網路，讓多人得以在同一空間於桌面上互動。包括象棋、撲克牌、大富翁、跳棋、麻將等，都是桌遊的一種。台灣進入高齡社會行列，藉由認知刺激活動預防和延緩高齡者認知功能退化，減少失智症發生比率實為重要，在衛福部長照2.0「預防及延緩失能照護計畫」中，有關桌遊運用在亞健康樂齡者、輕度失智長者相關方案陸續被提出。
為了讓社區內的日間照顧中心長輩，能體驗桌遊樂，並活化大腦功能，高雄醫學大學護理學院高齡長期照護碩士學位副教授姚卿騰，在〈桌遊活動對日間照顧中心樂齡者認知功能改善效果〉論文中，分享如何在遊戲化、人際互動、社會參與的理論下，創造出一個具吸引力的桌遊套案，促進長者積極參與及健腦益智。
設計遊戲，教玩法也促進活化腦力
研究透由跨領域團隊設計桌遊款式，引導樂齡長輩們透過桌遊互動，在為期12週的活動中，特別分成三個階段由淺入深設計桌遊遊戲課程，前兩個階段會以能簡單上手的遊戲做為入門；第三個階段起則依據對學員上課的觀察來調整難易度，而一期上完約可學習10～12種桌遊。桌遊遊戲的設計，依循遊戲化、高齡學習、認知功能促進理念，注意長者心理需求，從抽象、策略、記憶、反應與技能面向設計，激發日照樂齡長輩願意主動參與。
與眾同樂，多玩桌遊，樂齡長輩健腦益智效果好
研究發現，日間照顧中心長輩透過玩桌遊有助減緩老年人認知退化的現象，對於認知功能的促進是有益的影響，實驗組在執行桌遊活動時，其認知功能會隨著桌遊活動課程的累積而呈現進步的情況，藉由桌遊活動提供了日間照顧中心長輩創造思維和思考空間，使樂齡者因接觸新事物而帶來了主動性、思考性、計畫性、適應能力等新思維，進而促進社交互動並增強認知功能。未來高齡領域，可以將桌遊遊戲納入社會工作、照顧活動之中，將有助於長期照顧領域發展為更加多樣化、獨特性和創新性的方向。
應用與亮點：
1. 根據遊戲化、高齡學習需求與認知功能理論設計的樂齡桌遊課程模組可作為長期照顧據點有效提升樂齡長輩認知功能促進的教具。
2. 運用桌遊認知訓練促進樂齡長輩大腦適當的刺激，有助於樂齡者保持認知功能的活化。
3. 未來配合政府長期照顧預防及延緩失智政策，桌遊活動可廣泛推廣到社區樂齡者身上，以延緩或提升其認知功能。
團隊成員：本論文主要研究者姚卿騰副教授
代表單位：護理學院高齡長期照護碩士學位學程
研究聯繫Email：angusyao@kmu.edu.tw
【論文資訊】
論文出處：Yao, C. T. (2019). Effect of board game activities on cognitive function improvement among older adults in adult day care centers. Social Work in Health Care, 58(9), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2019.1656143
全文下載：https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00981389.2019.1656143
Board Game for the older adults: invigorate the brain and interpersonal interaction for senior citizen at adult day care centers
Board Game for the older adults: invigorate the brain and interpersonal interaction for senior citizen at adult day care centers
Have you ever played board games? In recent years, board games have become popular in Taiwan. The "board games" refer to tabletop games, which often use cards, drawing boards, dice, chess pieces, chips and other props. The board game do not rely on electronic devices and Internet, allowing many people to interact on the same space on the table. These games include chess, poker, monopoly, checkers, and mahjong. As Taiwan is the aged society, it is important to prevent and delay the cognitive deterioration of the older adults and reduce the incidence of dementia through cognitive stimulation activities.
This paper " Effect of board game activities on cognitive function improvement among older adults in adult day care centers ", Ching-Teng Yao, Associate Professor of School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, shares how to create an attractive board game program based on theories of gamification, social interaction, and social participation to promote active participation and brain development of the older adults.
“Design games that teach and promote brain activation”
In the 12-week program, the board game program designed in three stages, with the first and second stages using games that can be easily played as an introduction, and the third stage adjusting the level of difficulty based on the observation of the participants. The board games are designed according to the concepts of gamification, senior learning, and cognitive function promotion, with attention to the psychological needs of seniors. The programs are designed from the perspective of abstraction, strategy, memory, response, and skill, to stimulate the willingness of day care center older adults to actively participate.
“Effect of board game activities on cognitive function and social participation improvement among older adults”
This study found that older adults’ cognitive deterioration was reduced by playing board games, which had a beneficial effect on the promotion of cognitive function. The older adults of initiative, thinking, planning, and adaptability brought by the exposure to new things will further promote social interactions and enhance cognitive functions. In the future, table games can be incorporated into social work and care activities in the field of aging, which will help the long-term care field to develop into a more diverse, unique and innovative direction.
Main researcher: Associate Professor Ching-Teng Yao, Master Program of Long-Term Care in Aging, School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University
Author Email: angusyao@kmu.edu.tw
Paper cited from:
Yao, C. T. (2019). Effect of board game activities on cognitive function improvement among older adults in adult day care centers. Social Work in Health Care, 58(9), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2019.1656143
Research Paper available online on website:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00981389.2019.1656143
